Browsing Tag Turbine

• 12 experiments and building projects
• Harness mechanical energy from water to do physical work
• Generate electricity to light an LED
• Learn the physics of water turnies
• Discover why hydropower is a promising source of energy

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Hydropower has been used for hundreds of years in watermills and is now commonly used to generate electricity in applications such as hydroelectric dams and tidal power plants. Explore the power of water by building models and conducting experiments with them. Learn about how different devices are used to extract useful energy from moving water — from a waterwheel in a small stream to a giant turbine in a tidal power station.

Build a waterwheel, a sawm… More >>

Thames and Kosmos Alternative Energy and Environmental Science Hydropower

In modern western world the demand for energy has increased dramatically in the past century and it will grow even further and harder in the near future than ever before. The need for energy rises with upcoming markets that also need more energy. Energy is needed for cars, buses, and other means of transportation, but also to run our appliances and provides us light. Energy is also important for our safety. At night or in the dark a lot can be stolen without proper lightning. Energy is therefore needed for our development and safety.

The way we use energy today comes from knowledge that has it’s foundations in the past century and before. Great men like Newton and Philips have set the path for us today to make proper use of energy. The sources which we use for our energy demand are known as non-renewable energy resources. These sources will be discussed here in the article.

Definition of Non-Renewable Energy Resources

The name really explains it very well. Non-renewable energy resources are natural resources that cannot be recycled or re-grown. These natural resources are fossil fuels like coal, petroleum, and natural gas. It also includes mined resources such as the elements used in the production of electricity (uranium and plutonium, for instance). These resources replenish itself in a quicker rate.

Fossil fuels are very versatile. One of their functions is to generate electricity. In order to generate electricity, fossil fuels are burned through the process of combustion. The energy produced from the combustion process is used to power a turbine. The turbine is responsible for the conversion of energy produced from combusted fossil fuels into electricity.

Coal

Coal is one the most used fossil fuels. It is consider too be the most important energy source to produce electricity. The U.S. produces 50% of its energy supply through the combustion of coal. The coal itself is a brownish-black sedimentary rock which contains carbon and other assorted elements. It is extracted from the ground through underground mining or open-pit mining.

Natural Gas

Natural gas is also used to produce electricity. The electricity is produced through steam turbines and gas turbines. Because the gas contains methane the combustion emits less harmful gasses that have a negative effect on global warming. Thus natural gasses are better for the environment compared to petroleum and coal.

There is also another use for it and that is as fuel for cars. It is much cheaper that gasoline and produces less harmful gasses. The disadvantage of running your car on natural gas is that you need more fuel compared to gasoline and the car needs more maintenance. In countries like Argentina, Brazil, Pakistan, Italy, The Netherlands and India it is used as a fuel for cars.

Crude oil

This fuel is the most talk about for the past year(s). The prices for crude oil have gone through the roof and will be rising even more. The demand is increasing while there is less crude oil available. The term black gold is now more applicable than ever before.
The oil itself is very think in consistency and has a dark brown or greenish colour characteristic. It is a complex mixture of different hydrocarbons.
Crude oil or petroleum has various uses. It can be used as fuel or cars and different industrial machines. It is also used as a raw material for products like plastics, solvents, fertilizers and pesticides.
Although the need for crude oil is high and the demand is rising the available crude oil is decreasing. That leaves us no other option than to look for alternatives.

Non-renewable energy plays a very important role in our daily lives. Non-renewable energy will be needed today and in the future. Because this energy source cannot be recycled or re-grown the reserves are limited. The consequences of the shortages of fossil fuels are experienced today and tomorrow. We will need to use these fossil fuels wisely and will need to shift our focus to other renewable energy source. These are the sources that we need to focus on today and years to come.

One of the most natural forms of energy that you have in existence today is geothermal energy. This energy comes from the heat present within the earth and it can be employed in a variety of different forms. The origins and the application of geothermal energy are explored in this article.

Geothermal energy is the Earth’s heat. It is the end result of the fusion of dust and gas which happened about four billion years ago.

Deep inside the earth’s core and approximately about 4,000 miles deep, the temperature is about 9,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Geothermal energy has been used for everything from bathing to relaxation and cooking as well as heating. The first geothermal generator was created in Italy at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1912 the United States followed with their attempt at creating geothermal power with The Geysers in California. The energy is now produced in over 21 countries of the world.

You can find geothermal energy deep in the ground. The heat at the core of the Earth flows outwards. When it flows the heat is transferred to surrounding rock layers known as the mantle. When temperatures and pressures increase, the rock then melts and becomes magma. Magma then moves to the surface of the earth and takes along the heat with it. If magma gets to the surface of the earth it becomes lava otherwise it stays below the earths crust and heats up the rocks and surrounding water. These temperatures can get as high as 700 degrees Fahrenheit. When water travels to the surface it becomes hot springs or geysers. Most of this water however gets trapped in fractured and porous rocks which are known as geothermal reservoirs. The heat also becomes a form of energy.

Hot water or steam that comes from a reservoir can easily exert a force that spins a turbine connected to the generator in order to produce electricity. Cooled water is then returned to the reservoir in order to reheat. In order to determine other locations of geothermal underground waters further research, exploration and testing are required. When the necessary spots have been located, drilling can then be carried out in order to create the production wells that supply water to the surface of the earth in order to generate power in geothermal plants.

The costs of constructing geothermal plants and geothermal wells are quite high, the costs of producing electricity tends to be much less over time. The fuel is reliable and stable and has no need for transportation. White smoke that is seen over geothermal power plants isn’t smoke but steam. During operations however, hazardous gases may be brought up from the underground.

The United States is the biggest global producer of geothermal energy. Unfortunately the global interest in geothermal energy is low and only accounts for a small portion of the global energy supply. Research and experience will produce new means and technologies that will aid you in accessing geothermal energy. Renewable energy sources must become the major source of energy in the years to come. Fossil fuels are constantly being depleted and reducing the quality of air that we enjoy. Over time geothermal energy might become much more attractive. Reduction in the costs of implementation of this energy source might in time lead to a better future for this source of renewable energy.